ÿWPCã x?iŒi¬þ'Ý3ö#ÍìàˆªÇ>M²tzʶtp|‚¯:0Ÿ¬Éò¹þÿgnK®ÈêahP-ù:iÓ¥.½ ¶ùBDÊ¥@öåBŽ?.^ Iì害?8a—™²`Ë^ÝÖ"‰*#o–¶CoÖó²…É.X!—5Ÿv&Ekm€‘R˜†×Y¬ðß]»‰Ú·2’Ø'¯Úƒ­¸Á®Ä”³i«R]Âi)æ4 ¾Š.ž8‚>Yäúó’|°—HøØ1´ÒI© ÍæK$1öÈ÷˼`O:-Qø´*4j‘gr†Ú¸¼û’Èy†Ç º; JðŒ½x”ÚCœ…[Š/tß›F¡JÆ·FòñäCHωà ºjRùâÍràwÿvq ?Cw`ëKvœ&¿ß˜WWdeˆœ²`ÖŸQ¡tÐ…3÷*à]y!‚Fâ\J¦SÈÍ»ÞuJì :EÅ%î ÿ¯Ge¸¦[`§%År.»Ui2è7‰ö¸klPh)¤•ƒ©^$‰‚‡¥ósšÛ»¢æ\vÒ©1Í›­T3–ÎU8½]_æ¬ÿѱ×hòynšÎçceaÎÉ`ÆÁFaªz#gÆlLdwÿe K»Ñg`~5¥ 8£™æ£ÈÚîCÇEýÌró #!¨UNÉ % 0(Ew$E4i}Œ mŽU>¥˜HP LaserJet 4P,ü,,,,,ü0xÈhH  Z6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡0opDqrsDtuDvwDxyDz{D|}~D€E‚DƒÀ„À…D†‡ˆD‰ŠD‹ŒDŽDD‘’D“”D•–E—˜D™šD›œDžDR„æ$h¦«‚LÞ‚3|xžÿU‹ÿÀÀÀxÈhH  Z&Times New RomanÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý›ò òÔ‡„Éç„XXÔÔ‡ „Éç„„„ÉçÔÓ  ÓAMERICAN€DECLARATION€OF€THE€€RIGHTS€ANDÐ ° ÐDUTIES€OF€MANÔ#†„Éç„„ „Éç>#ÔÔ#†XZüX„„Éç#Ôó óÐ h ÐÓ]ÓÌ€€à0  à(Adopted€by€the€Ninth€International€Conference€of€American€States,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð pÀ Ѐ€¢Bogot£,€Colombia,€1948)Ð (#(# ÐÌWHEREAS:€ÌÌThe€American€peoples€have€acknowledged€the€dignity€of€the€individual,€and€their€nationalÏconstitutions€recognize€that€juridical€and€political€institutions,€which€regulate€life€in€humanÏsociety,€have€as€their€principal€aim€the€protection€of€the€essential€rights€of€man€and€the€creationÏof€circumstances€that€will€permit€him€to€achieve€spiritual€and€material€progress€and€attainÏhappiness;€ÌÌThe€American€States€have€on€repeated€occasions€recognized€that€the€essential€rights€of€man€areÏnot€derived€from€the€fact€that€he€is€a€national€of€a€certain€state,€but€are€based€upon€attributes€ofÏhis€human€personality;€ÌÌThe€international€protection€of€the€rights€of€man€should€be€the€principal€guide€of€an€evolvingÏAmerican€law;€ÌÌThe€affirmation€of€essential€human€rights€by€the€American€States€together€with€the€guaranteesÏgiven€by€the€internal€regimes€of€the€states€establish€the€initial€system€of€protection€considered€byÏthe€American€States€as€being€suited€to€the€present€social€and€juridical€conditions,€not€without€aÏrecognition€on€their€part€that€they€should€increasingly€strengthen€that€system€in€the€internationalÏfield€as€conditions€become€more€favorable,€ÌÌThe€Ninth€International€Conference€of€American€States€ÌÌAGREES:€ÌÌTo€adopt€the€following€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ô‡ ’!XXZüÔÔ‡  ’!! ’ÔAMERICAN€DECLARATION€OF€THE€RIGHTS€Ð $à! Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€AND€DUTIES€OF€MAN€Ô#† ’!! ’#ÔÔ#†XZüX! ’á#ÔÐ Ò%"!" ÐÌÔ‡¼Nå»XXZüÔÔ‡ ¼Nå»»¼NåÔPreambleÔ#†¼Nå»» ¼Nå#ÔÔ#†XZüX»¼Nåç#ԀР(T#$ ÐÌAll€men€are€born€free€and€equal,€in€dignity€and€in€rights,€and,€being€endowed€by€nature€withÏreason€and€conscience,€they€should€conduct€themselves€as€brothers€one€to€another.€ÌÌThe€fulfillment€of€duty€by€each€individual€is€a€prerequisite€to€the€rights€of€all.€Rights€and€dutiesÏare€interrelated€in€every€social€and€political€activity€of€man.€While€rights€exalt€individual€liberty,Ð Ì-)* Ðduties€express€the€dignity€of€that€liberty.€ÌÌDuties€of€a€juridical€nature€presuppose€others€of€a€moral€nature€which€support€them€in€principleÏand€constitute€their€basis.€ÌÌInasmuch€as€spiritual€development€is€the€supreme€end€of€human€existence€and€the€highestÏexpression€thereof,€it€is€the€duty€of€man€to€serve€that€end€with€all€his€strength€and€resources.€ÌÌSince€culture€is€the€highest€social€and€historical€expression€of€that€spiritual€development,€it€is€theÏduty€of€man€to€preserve,€practice€and€foster€culture€by€every€means€within€his€power.€ÌÌAnd,€since€moral€conduct€constitutes€the€noblest€flowering€of€culture,€it€is€the€duty€of€every€manÏalways€to€hold€it€in€high€respect.€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ô‡ ’!XXZüÔÔ‡  ’!! ’ÔCHAPTER€ONEÔ#† ’!! ’ #ÔÔ#†XZüX! ’ï #ԀРР ÐÌÔ‡¼Nå»XXZüÔÔ‡ ¼Nå»»¼NåÔRightsÔ#†¼Nå»» ¼Nå´ #ÔÔ#†XZüX»¼Nå• #ԀРR ÐÌRight€to€life,€liberty€and€personal€security.€Ì€€€€€Article€I.€Every€human€being€has€the€right€to€life,€liberty€and€the€security€of€his€person.ÌÌRight€to€equality€before€law.€Ì€€€€€Article€II.€All€persons€are€equal€before€the€law€and€have€the€rights€and€duties€established€inÏthis€Declaration,€without€distinction€as€to€race,€sex,€language,€creed€or€any€other€factor.ÌÌRight€to€religious€freedom€and€worship.€Ì€€€€€Article€III.€Every€person€has€the€right€freely€to€profess€a€religious€faith,€and€to€manifest€andÏpractice€it€both€in€public€and€in€private.ÌÌRight€to€freedom€of€investigation,€opinion,€expression€and€dissemination.€Ì€€€€€Article€IV.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€freedom€of€investigation,€of€opinion,€and€of€theÏexpression€and€dissemination€of€ideas,€by€any€medium€whatsoever.ÌÌRight€to€protection€of€honor,€personal€reputation,€and€private€and€family€life.€Ì€€€€€Article€V.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€the€protection€of€the€law€against€abusive€attacks€uponÏhis€honor,€his€reputation,€and€his€private€and€family€life.ÌÌRight€to€a€family€and€to€protection€thereof.€Ì€€€€€Article€VI.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€establish€a€family,€the€basic€element€of€society,€andÏto€receive€protection€therefor.ÌÌRight€to€protection€for€mothers€and€children.€Ì€€€€€Article€VII.€All€women,€during€pregnancy€and€the€nursing€period,€and€all€children€have€theÏright€to€special€protection,€care€and€aid.Ð z-Ê(+ ЇRight€to€residence€and€movement.€Ì€€€€€Article€VIII.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€fix€his€residence€within€the€territory€of€the€state€ofÏwhich€he€is€a€national,€to€move€about€freely€within€such€territory,€and€not€to€leave€it€except€byÏhis€own€will.ÌÌRight€to€inviolability€of€the€home.€Ì€€€€€Article€IX.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€the€inviolability€of€his€home.ÌÌRight€to€the€inviolability€and€transmission€of€correspondence€Ì€€€€€Article€X.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€the€inviolability€and€transmission€of€hisÏcorrespondence.ÌÌRight€to€the€preservation€of€health€and€to€well-being.€Ì€€€€€Article€XI.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€the€preservation€of€his€health€through€sanitary€andÏsocial€measures€relating€to€food,€clothing,€housing€and€medical€care,€to€the€extent€permitted€byÏpublic€and€community€resources.ÌÌRight€to€education.€Ì€€€€€Article€XII.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€an€education,€which€should€be€based€on€theÏprinciples€of€liberty,€morality€and€human€solidarity.ÌÌ€€€€€Likewise€every€person€has€the€right€to€an€education€that€will€prepare€him€to€attain€a€decentÏlife,€to€raise€his€standard€of€living,€and€to€be€a€useful€member€of€society.ÌÌ€€€€€The€right€to€an€education€includes€the€right€to€equality€of€opportunity€in€every€case,€inÏaccordance€with€natural€talents,€merit€and€the€desire€to€utilize€the€resources€that€the€state€or€theÏcommunity€is€in€a€position€to€provide.ÌÌ€€€€€Every€person€has€the€right€to€receive,€free,€at€least€a€primary€education.ÌÌRight€to€the€benefits€of€culture.€Ì€€€€€Article€XIII.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€take€part€in€the€cultural€life€of€the€community,€toÏenjoy€the€arts,€and€to€participate€in€the€benefits€that€result€from€intellectual€progress,€especiallyÏscientific€discoveries.ÌÌ€€€€€He€likewise€has€the€right€to€the€protection€of€his€moral€and€material€interests€as€regards€hisÏinventions€or€any€literary,€scientific€or€artistic€works€of€which€he€is€the€author.ÌÌRight€to€work€and€to€fair€remuneration.€Ì€€€€€Article€XIV.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€work,€under€proper€conditions,€and€to€follow€hisÏvocation€freely,€insofar€as€existing€conditions€of€employment€permit.ÌÌ€€€€€Every€person€who€works€has€the€right€to€receive€such€remuneration€as€will,€in€proportion€toÏhis€capacity€and€skill,€assure€him€a€standard€of€living€suitable€for€himself€and€for€his€family.ÌÐ ð-@), ÐRight€to€leisure€time€and€to€the€use€thereof.€Ì€€€€€Article€XV.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€leisure€time,€to€wholesome€recreation,€and€to€theÏopportunity€for€advantageous€use€of€his€free€time€to€his€spiritual,€cultural€and€physical€benefit.ÌÌRight€to€social€security.€Ì€€€€€Article€XVI.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€social€security€which€will€protect€him€from€theÏconsequences€of€unemployment,€old€age,€and€any€disabilities€arising€from€causes€beyond€hisÏcontrol€that€make€it€physically€or€mentally€impossible€for€him€to€earn€a€living.ÌÌRight€to€recognition€of€juridical€personality€and€civil€rights.€Ì€€€€€Article€XVII.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€be€recognized€everywhere€as€a€person€havingÏrights€and€obligations,€and€to€enjoy€the€basic€civil€rights.ÌÌRight€to€a€fair€trial.€Ì€€€€€Article€XVIII.€Every€person€may€resort€to€the€courts€to€ensure€respect€for€his€legal€rights.ÏThere€should€likewise€be€available€to€him€a€simple,€brief€procedure€whereby€the€courts€willÏprotect€him€from€acts€of€authority€that,€to€his€prejudice,€violate€any€fundamental€constitutionalÏrights.ÌÌRight€to€nationality.€Ì€€€€€Article€XIX.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€the€nationality€to€which€he€is€entitled€by€law€and€toÏchange€it,€if€he€so€wishes,€for€the€nationality€of€any€other€country€that€is€willing€to€grant€it€toÏhim.ÌÌRight€to€vote€and€to€participate€in€government.€Ì€€€€€Article€XX.€Every€person€having€legal€capacity€is€entitled€to€participate€in€the€government€ofÏhis€country,€directly€or€through€his€representatives,€and€to€take€part€in€popular€elections,€whichÏshall€be€by€secret€ballot,€and€shall€be€honest,€periodic€and€free.ÌÌRight€of€assembly.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXI.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€assemble€peaceably€with€others€in€a€formal€publicÏmeeting€or€an€informal€gathering,€in€connection€with€matters€of€common€interest€of€any€nature.ÌÌRight€of€association.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXII.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€associate€with€others€to€promote,€exercise€andÏprotect€his€legitimate€interests€of€a€political,€economic,€religious,€social,€cultural,€professional,Ïlabor€union€or€other€nature.ÌÌRight€to€property.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXIII.€Every€person€has€a€right€to€own€such€private€property€as€meets€the€essentialÏneeds€of€decent€living€and€helps€to€maintain€the€dignity€of€the€individual€and€of€the€home.ÌÌRight€of€petition.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXIV.€Every€person€has€the€right€to€submit€respectful€petitions€to€any€competentÏauthority,€for€reasons€of€either€general€or€private€interest,€and€the€right€to€obtain€a€promptÐ ð-@), Ðdecision€thereon.ÌÌRight€of€protection€from€arbitrary€arrest.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXV.€No€person€may€be€deprived€of€his€liberty€except€in€the€cases€and€according€toÏthe€proceduresñoñ€ñoññpñÌ€€€€€eñpññqñeñqñstablished€by€pre-existing€law.ÌÌ€€€€€No€person€may€be€deprived€of€liberty€for€nonfulfillment€of€obligations€of€a€purely€civilÏcharacter.ÌÌ€€€€€Every€individual€who€has€been€deprived€of€his€liberty€has€the€right€to€have€the€legality€of€hisÏdetentionñrñ€ñrññsñÌ€€€€€ñsñascertained€without€delay€by€a€court,€and€the€right€to€be€tried€without€undue€delay€or,Ïotherwise,€to€beñtñ€ñtññuñÌ€€€€€ñuñreleased.€He€also€has€the€right€to€humane€treatment€during€the€time€he€is€inÏcustody.ÌÌRight€to€due€process€of€law.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXVI.€Every€accused€person€is€presumed€to€be€innocent€until€proved€guilty.ÌÌ€€€€€Every€person€accused€of€an€offense€has€the€right€to€be€given€an€impartial€and€public€hearing,Ïand€to€be€triedñvñ€ñvññwñÌ€€€€€ñwñby€courts€previously€established€in€accordance€with€pre-existing€laws,€and€not€toÏreceive€cruel,€infamous€orñxñ€ñxññyñÌ€€€€€ñyñunusual€punishment.ÌÌRight€of€asylum.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXVII.€Every€person€has€the€right,€in€case€of€pursuit€not€resulting€from€ordinaryÏcrimes,€to€seek€andñzñ€ñzññ{ñÌ€€€€€rñ{ññ|ñrñ|ñeceive€asylum€in€foreign€territory,€in€accordance€with€the€laws€of€eachÏcountry€and€with€internationalñ}ñ€ñ}ññ~ñÌ€€€€€ñ~ñagreements.ÌÌScope€of€the€rights€of€man.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXVIII.€The€rights€ñ€ñññ€ñññ€ñof€man€are€limited€by€the€rights€of€others,€by€the€security€of€all,Ïand€by€the€justññ€ñññ‚ñÌ€€€€€ñ‚ñdemands€of€the€general€welfare€and€the€advancement€of€democracy.ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ñƒñÔ‡ ’!XXZüÔÔ‡  ’!! ’ÔñƒñCHAPTER€TWOñƒñÔ#† ’!! ’¿-#ÔÔ#†XZüX! ’ -#Ôñƒñ€Ð Ð  ÐÌñ„ñÔ‡¼Nå»XXZüÔÔ‡ ¼Nå»»¼NåÔñ„ññ…ñ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Dñ…ññ†ñDñ†ñuties€ñ„ñÔ#†¼Nå»» ¼Nåy.#ÔÔ#†XZüX»¼NåZ.#Ôñ„ñÐ #R  ÐÌDuties€to€society.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXIX.€It€is€the€duty€of€the€individual€so€to€conduct€himself€in€relation€to€others€thatÏeach€and€every€oneñ‡ñ€ñ‡ññˆñÌ€€€€€ñˆñmay€fully€form€and€develop€his€personality.ÌÌDuties€toward€children€and€parents.€Ì€€€€€Article€XXX.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€aid,€support,€educate€and€protect€his€minorÏchildren,€and€it€isñ‰ñ€ñ‰ññŠñÌ€€€€€ñŠñthe€duty€of€children€to€honor€their€parents€always€and€to€aid,€support€andÏprotect€them€when€they€need€it.ÌÌDuty€to€receive€instruction.€Ð z-Ê(+ Ѐ€€€€Article€¢XXXI£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€acquire€at€least€an€elementary€education.ÌÌDuty€to€vote.€Ì€€€€€Article€¢XXXII£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€vote€in€the€popular€elections€of€the€country€ofÏwhich€he€is€añ‹ñ€ñ‹ññŒñÌ€€€€€ñŒñnational,€when€he€is€legally€capable€of€doing€so.ÌÌDuty€to€obey€the€law€Ì€€€€€Article€¢XXXIII£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€obey€the€law€and€other€legitimate€commandsÏof€theññ€ñññŽñÌ€€€€€ñŽñauthorities€of€his€country€and€those€of€the€country€in€which€he€may€be.ÌÌDuty€to€serve€the€community€and€the€nation.€Ì€€€€€Article€¢XXXIV£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€able-bodied€person€to€render€whatever€civil€andÏmilitary€service€hisññ€ññññÌ€€€€€ññcountry€may€require€for€its€defense€and€preservation,€and,€in€case€of€publicÏdisaster,€to€render€such€servicesñ‘ñ€ñ‘ññ’ñÌ€€€€€ñ’ñas€may€be€in€his€power.ÌÌ€€€€€It€is€likewise€his€duty€to€hold€any€public€office€to€which€he€may€be€elected€by€popular€vote€inÏthe€state€ofñ“ñ€ñ“ññ”ñÌ€€€€€ñ”ñwhich€he€is€a€national.ÌÌDuties€with€respect€to€social€security€and€welfare.€Ì€€€€€Article€¢XXXV£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€cooperate€with€the€state€and€the€communityÏwith€respect€ñ–ñ¢ñ–ñtoñ–ññ•ñcñ•ññ–ññ—ñ€ñ—ññ–ññ•ñ£€ñ•ññ–ññ˜ñÌ€€€€€ñ˜ñsocial€security€and€welfare,€in€accordance€with€his€ability€and€with€existingÏcircumstances.ÌÌDuty€to€pay€taxes.€Ì€€€€€Article€¢XXXVI£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€pay€the€taxes€established€by€law€for€theÏsupport€of€publicñ™ñ€ñ™ññšñÌ€€€€€ñšñservices.ÌÌDuty€to€work.€Ì€€€€€Article€¢XXXVII£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€work,€as€far€as€his€capacity€and€possibilitiesÏpermit,€in€orderñ›ñ€ñ›ññœñÌ€€€€€ñœñto€obtain€the€means€of€livelihood€or€to€benefit€his€community.ÌÌDuty€to€refrain€from€political€activities€in€a€foreign€country.€Ì€€€€€Article€¢XXXVIII£.€It€is€the€duty€of€every€person€to€refrain€from€taking€part€in€politicalÏactivities€that,€accordingññ€ñññžñÌ€€€€€ñžñto€law,€are€reserved€exclusively€to€the€citizens€of€the€state€in€which€he€isÏan€alien.œ